Approval is based on performance - yes, its not tied to country of origin or make - kind of. The types of technologies used in Euro vehicles is changing differently to US or Asian vehicles, but also in Asian vehicles aimed at the Euro market.I’m not sure I follow either. Again, an approval is performance based and isn’t tied to country of origin or make. Oxidation resistance, piston cleanliness, reduced wear, resistance to ring sticking or cylinder wear, viscosity retention - these are what define the performance of an oil.
For a low to mid-SAPS oil (which is appropriate for nearly every passenger car), something with ACEA sequence C3 and paired with VW 504 00 is a very good oil. It won’t know it’s in a Japanese car or one from China.
The reason you don’t see approvals for Japanese models is because there aren’t any. At least none that I know of. That in no way makes them inappropriate however.
The performance of the oil and the standards it meets is fine, but the way it achieves it can be different. There are significant consequences for using unapproved oils in light duty diesel city cars which are very common in Europe, failed DPFs which are big money to replace. The oils and and their approvals are designed with DPF and GPFs in mind which means certain additives must be used, whereas others cannot be used. We don't need those constraints on a hybrid Toyota. We need moly!
Kidding about the last part, but you see my point.