You also used a non-union facility. Many manufacturing sites in the U.S. are unionized. We can't look at just one site, or one brand, in a vacuum.
Labor is absolutely not a fraction of what it was 30 years ago. Here's a link to the appropriate page of the Federal Reserve site that tracks this data (
LINK). It's more costly than it was 30 years ago, and within a stone's throw of it's highest amount since the data was tracked.
We may be employing less line workers, but they earn more and have more costly benefits than they did 30 years ago.
Edit: From the 2025 Ford Annual Report - "Ford’s ability to maintain a competitive cost structure could be affected by labor or other constraints. The vast majority of the hourly employees in our manufacturing operations in the United States and Canada are represented by unions and covered by collective bargaining agreements. These agreements provide guaranteed wage and benefit levels throughout the contract term and some degree of income security, subject to certain conditions. Our recent labor contracts, including those with the International Union, United Automobile, Aerospace and Agricultural Implement Workers of America (“UAW”) in the United States and Unifor in Canada, have resulted in significant cost increases. If we are unable to offset these costs, it could have a significant adverse effect on our business. Some of our competitors do not have such collective bargaining agreements and are not subject to the same constraints".
2025 GM Annual Report - "Many manufacturers, including GM, have relatively high fixed labor costs as well as limitations on their ability to efficiently close facilities and reduce fixed costs, including as a result of collective bargaining agreements. In light of any excess capacity and high fixed costs, many industry participants have attempted to sell more vehicles by providing subsidized financing or leasing programs, offering marketing incentives, or reducing vehicle prices. As a result, we have had, and may in the future need, to offer similar incentives, which may result in vehicle prices that do not offset our costs, including any cost increases or the impact of adverse currency fluctuations or tariffs, which could affect our profitability."
As I said previously, removing the need for costly equipment on vehicles will
help to bring costs down. However, increasing labor costs are putting more upward pressure on prices than start/stop equipment.