Seems the OP basically tossed a turd and ran out, never to be seen or heard from again... Fun.
The OM651 engine used in the later Sprinters, as well as all E250, ML250, GLE300d, and GLK250 which I currently own have always required 229.51 or 229.52 spec oils. Most of the oils approved under that spec came in 5w30 flavor, a few in 0w30 and fewer in 5w40.
Using the correct spec oils IS NOT what caused the demise of OP's turbos. Without more technical info from the shop that did the repair, it's difficult to see how both turbos would fail at the same time, since one is for low-end boost and a smaller one is for top-end boost. It's far more likely that wastegate actuator failed or that the boost hose failed, which is actually quite common.
In any case, I'll just add that I've been using the correct spec oils in ours since purchasing 7 years ago and with more than 135K miles on it currently, it still runs perfectly while returning more than 36mpg on my 200 mile commute. I've used oils from LM, Mobil1, Chevron (Havoline ProDS), and a few others I can't remember but they were all 229.51 or .52 spec and have yet to experience any oil issue.
It's entirely possible the OP used cheap gasser 5w30 off-the-shelf oil and ran that for far too long, but since he's not been back he hasn't told us. Even if he used the correct spec stuff, the only time I would go a full 10K mile OCI is if I racked up the miles on a daily basis in mostly steady speed freeway running; the stop-n-go typical crawling in rush hour type of commute equals "severe service" in my book, which means the OCI gets cut to 5-6K miles at most.
An oil change is far cheaper than $8K turbo replacement
