Oxidation rates will double for every 10°C increase in oil temperature. A car in stop and go traffic might typically have oil temperatures of 90-120°C in the sump, and the oil at the pistons might be over 50°C cooler as well since the oil temperature here is highly dependent on engine load and rpm. The oil in the IIIH test may be oxidizing 30 times faster compared to this example.
This will depend on many factors, like sump size, the presence of an oil cooler or coolant/oil heat exchanger...etc. My SRT and my wife's RAM hold oil temp very near coolant temp (heat exchangers) seemingly regardless of operating profile. My M5, which had a 7L sump and a massive oil cooler typically ran the oil around 90-98C, but in stop and go on the 401, it could get a fair bit higher. Applications with no cooler and tiny (3.5-4.0L sumps) are obviously more prone to massive swings in temperature and these are the applications I was alluding to. These are also the ones that, despite the existence of this test to limit the formation of piston deposits, still manage to accumulate them, stuck rings and oil consumption.
The Amsoil thickens by 50% in 180 hours in the IIIH test, which is something that might typically happen after over 30k miles of field service with this oil, not 6k.
This is an area where we have to be a little bit careful, as back in the day AMSOIL used to be somewhat notorious for thickening out of grade on reasonably average runs (though they are much better in this regard in more recent years, likely due to more VII and increased use of Group III). The HPL 0W-20 in my wife's RAM 1500 thickened by 12% in just 6,200 miles, and that's with extremely well regulated oil temperatures as noted above. The HPL No VII 5W-30 thickened by 17% in 7,000 miles in a 4Runner and
@wwillson's Durango (same application as IIIH amusingly) saw pretty much exactly your 50% increase in 33,000 miles (as did
@DirectRejection with his 0W-8 in 30,000 miles), but I don't believe there are any grounds to conclude that in either of these latter instances, that the lubricant was degraded to the point to be producing piston deposits.
AMSOIL 0W-30 thickened by only 21% over 31,000 miles in comparison in a 2015 Tacoma, which is less than Direct Rejection saw in 19,500 miles (26%) with HPL.
As you know, generally, we see a "U" or "V" trend with your typical oil where there's some initial shear, reducing viscosity and then a curve back up as oxidation drives it back up, past the virgin KV, if the lube is run long enough. With oils with little to no VII (or very shear stable VII), you don't get that initial curve down, so the overall oxidation level may in fact be lower, but the impact on viscosity will appear greater, because that initial loss due to shear doesn't take place.
The IIIH test at 90 hours is pretty severe in terms of oxidation compared to normal field service on a normal OCI. Oil oxidation is directly related to piston deposits, so you'd expect piston deposit formation to accelerate towards the end of a long OCI.
Well yes, the purpose of the test is to breakdown the oil and produce deposits. But AMSOIL was able to pass it at double the duration with 40% fewer deposits than the limit, and of course this bar is achievable (the test can be passed) by a generic dollar store syn blend. So I maintain the test isn't THAT severe, it can't be, otherwise those generic dollar store syn blends and their bulk oil siblings couldn't pass it, which would drive up the minimum price of lubes and impact the quick lube and bulk oil business. The API is setting the floor here, not the ceiling, and as
@Astro14 has noted, and I remarked upon above, these oils, depending on the service profile, can still end up producing considerable deposits in certain applications with reasonable intervals, despite passing this test.
Slight tangent, but we can see how that plays out a bit in application in this old Mobil 1 0W-40 TFO test slide, which is designed to simulate piston deposit formation. Both the oil on the far left and the oil on the far right pass the test, but there's a rather major difference in performance between the two.
Here's Sequence IIIG for the same oils (predecessor to the current IIIH version). Ultron 5W-40 passes with margin, but we can see that the 0W-40 performs massively better, just like it did in the TFO test:
Great discussion BTW
