So few things...
The knowledge of soot particle size distribution inside the combustion chamber of diesel engines is important for both radiation heat transfer calcula…
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Soot particles are very small, less than 1 micron. (1000 Angstrom = 0.1micron)
Here you are relying on dispersants/additives in oil to keep them suspended and to prevent agglomeration which could increase the effective particle size.
So, I would suggest the main wear mechanism for soot is impacting oil additives and less abbrasive wear. But open to challenge on that.
A filter that is 99% @ 20 micron is going to do a way better job filtering at lower particle size.
The Fram Ultra is so good that its hard to even extrapolate how good/bad it would be at 10 micron or less. But I would guess its >75% at 10 micron...and >35% at 5 micron.
The 99% @ 30 micron filters are going to be comparitavely crap...25% at 10micron and <<5% at 5micron.
Those are some extrapolations based on real data, so not absolute, but you get the point.
Iron is only one of the abbrasive metals that one has to deal with. A magnet isn't going to do much for the rest.