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- Jun 8, 2022
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I think were saying the same thing unless there is a 3rd design.Not quite. The relief valve shunts volume back to the feed side of the pump based on the pressure cap. So, say for example, like my HEMI, you have a 65psi relief. In this case, volume is directly coupled to RPM right up until 65psi, at which point the relief cracks, to keep maximum pressure at 65psi. At this point, volume is now decoupled from RPM and a further increase in RPM does not increase volume linearly like it was previously.
Of course if the pump is large enough, it's possible to overwhelm the relief and you'll still see pressure rise above the relief setting, as it's not possible for the pump to shunt all volume necessary to maintain the relief pressure back to the feed side.
As I posted on the previous page, with a link to an article that shows diagrams for both systems (unless there is a 3rd system that's not on there and I'm not aware of), it appears Toyota uses two different style pumps. It's the newer pump that uses oil pressure in a chamber, which is controlled by the ECM via a pressure control valve, that manipulates the rotor position to decrease or increase volume per rotation; effectively changing the size of the pump based on a couple of parameters monitored by the ECU.
The older style pump works mechanically via pressure with a pressure-actuated bypass valve that, in a certain RPM range, shunts more volume back to the feed-side of the pump when it isn't needed to reduce pumping losses.
Old school pump - pressure increases by RPM until the relief valve opens.
Specific to the Toyota Dynamic force 4 cylinders, the bypass is ECU controlled but the volume of the pump is controlled by pressure inside the pump (not to be confused with oil system pressure). They describe it as:
"Under the action of pressure in the control chamber, a regulator moves and changes the mutual
position of the internal and external rotors, thereby achieving a smooth change of the oil charge
volume." https://toyota-club.net/files/faq/18-03-20_faq_df_r4_eng.htm
Presumably the rotors are on some sort of spring loaded eccentric which can vary their relative position and change their volume based on internal pump pressure - If I am reading that right. Of course since the ECU controls the bypass, that in fact directly controls the pressure in the pump at some times - so chicken or egg?
Either way I don't think oil weight has a lot to do with this.