The only explanation (if any) is that these engines were using A1-rated 5-30 or 10-30 and NOT the A3-rated 15-50. That's why the European rating exists...to differentiate 30 weights that qualify as do 40 and 50 weights against wear during extreme conditions and those that do not (ie. most U.S. 30 weights and conventional oils).
Engines that require A3 should not be using an A1 oil. Period. That said, either M-1 15-50 or Syntec 5-50 will work fine...with the shortcoming of a 15w during winter (-20C) and shortcoming of a 5-50 large-spread viscosity leading to shear and hence, a lower HT/HS over a 15-50.
Engines that require A3 should not be using an A1 oil. Period. That said, either M-1 15-50 or Syntec 5-50 will work fine...with the shortcoming of a 15w during winter (-20C) and shortcoming of a 5-50 large-spread viscosity leading to shear and hence, a lower HT/HS over a 15-50.