When you live in a warm climate, the greater range doesn’t matter in terms of start up oil flow/pressure.
In a warm climate it doesn't matter as much, but it still matters some. Also, even Southern states have some cold days when it matters more.
So 5w30 is always an improvement over 10w30
in modern times (because 5w30 is now perfected and shear stable enough in hot weather). IMO
Also it used to be that the narrower the range the more stable the viscosity over time. I don’t know if that is still the case.
20 years ago I'd agree 100%. That did used to signifigantly be the situation 20+ years ago. In modern times 5w30 is so good that it's a non-issue now.
To expand on that... Way back in the day there was 10w30. I don't think 5w30 existed yet or was uncommon. Then some years went by and both were common, but 5w30 was still a young product while 10w30 was already perfected. At that time 5w30 was only recommended for cold climate winter use. 10w30 was for moderate and hot climates.
At that time I had a conversation with a Chevron oil executive. She told me I should use 10w30 in my Jeep 4L and Buick 3800 because 10w30 was recommended by the car makers for my moderate climate.
She said 5w30 was (at that time) only good for cold winter use. She said 5w30 wasn't shear stable enough for use in hot summer weather, but 10w30 was. Meaning 5w30 would quickly deteriorate in hot weather. 5w30 and 10w30 were both fine for fall and spring.
She also said 0w40 was not stable/durable enough for use in hot weather. At that time 0w40 was only for artic winter conditions in vehicles that would normally use 10w40 or 15w40. I'm not sure if 5w40 existed at that time.
That was 25-30 years ago. In modern times, oils are a lot better than they used to be.
Now I use 5w30 year-round with no worries because it's become very good and shear stable (even in hot weather). This makes 10w30 pretty much obsolete today, except maybe for some severe diesel applications in summer. IMO.
We could still have a debate about whether 0w40 has become shear stable enough for year-round use in hot summers. I still think "no thanks" to 0w40 in hot summer. I do now like 5w40 for year-round use in engines where 5w40 is appropriate.
I'm using 5w30 year-round in my Buick 3800. I stopped buying 10w30 about 10 years ago when I became aware that 5w30 had been perfected. Though in reality, 5w30 might have already been perfected 15 years ago. I think it took me 5 years to realize 5w30 was perfected and 10w30 had become obsolete for old 90s and early 2000s gas cars in most climates.