Originally Posted By: DeepFriar
What services/tasks does dispatch provide to each flight? Are they separate from weather? Do they do crew scheduling as well? How many flights or legs does a pilot at the majors fly per month?
Dispatch: There is a joint responsibility for the safety of the flight shared by the Captain and the Dispatcher. Dispatchers check weather, maintenance status and plan the flight. Captain approves the plan, or modifies it if needed (route, fuel, alternates, etc.). Dispatchers monitor the flight while it's in the air. They typically work 20-30 flights in an eight hour shift. Fewer if they're working international. Dispatchers will let you know about changes in forecast, or field conditions. We communicate all the time in flight, generally via ACARS, but via SATVOICE if needed. Dispatchers can declare an emergency and coordinate the field (fire and rescue), maintenance, and customer service efforts for an airplane that needs to divert or make an emergency landing. We're busy flying the airplane and getting it set up for the contingency while dispatch coordinates the response. They're great folks that make up a critical part of our flight operations team.
Flight Time: FARs limit pilots to 100 hours per month and 1,000 hours per year.
It's important to understand what flight time is. Flight time starts when I release the brake on pushback and ends when I set the brake at the gate. All the stuff that happens before the flight: the checking of weather, plotting an oceanic crossing, reading the maintenance history on the airplane, getting to the airport, meeting and briefing the flight attendants, talking with customer service, conducting a preflight inspection of the airplane, programming the flight management computers, checking and configuring the cockpit systems and yes, talking with passengers and coordinating service requests, all of that...is all OFF THE CLOCK. We're not getting paid when we're chatting with you in the cockpit, or making certain that everything is ready for a safe flight, or dealing with boarding issues. Similarly, after the flight, when we're standing by the door saying goodbye, or checking on your stroller (I've fetched hundreds of strollers over the years), we're not getting paid.
So, a typical pilot is flying 1,000 hours a year, and getting paid for those hours, but working closer to 2,000 or more, depending on the nature of their flights. The guys flying 5 legs a day, like the Express crews, are usually at work for 12-14 hours, and getting 5 hours of pay, each day they're flying.
A guy like me, flying international flights, will work several "trips" or pairings a month. EWR-DUB, for example is a three day trip and pays 15 hours. If I fly 5 of those and get paid 75 hours, that's a typical month. Pairings are built to comply with legal duty period and rest requirements. Some are more "efficient" than others. Usually the long-haul flights get more hours for each day that you're at work. The airline schedules us by what needs to be flown. In the weak flying months, like February, for example, we might all be scheduled to fly 70 hours. But then in the peak flying times: Holidays, or summer, we might be scheduled to fly 88+ hours/month. It varies by fleet (airplane type), seat (Captain or FO) and domicile (base). We have 2 - 2.5 FOs for each Captain in the widebody fleets because so many of those flights are augmented by one or two FOs...and as we change flying, the ratio of augmented flights can change, so that FOs might have more, or less, flying than captains on the same routes in the same airplane. Marketing drives what airplanes fly, from what domicile said, and on what routes, so then the crew planning folks have to build the pairings to accomplish that flying...and it's always changing.
Don't ever ask a pilot "what route do you fly?"...because in 20 years, I've never, ever flown just one route...it doesn't work that way. Crew planning builds pairings to accomplish the planned flying that was created by marketing and sold months, even years, in advance. By the time it gets to us, we bid for flying, not trips, or routes to particular cities, but flying, based on parameters too numerous to mention here. We put our desires (days off, trip departure time, and over a hundred potential characteristics that a paring might have) into a computer that runs through everyone in the same fleet/seat/domicile and assigns pairings/flying in seniority order. Those pairings may, or may not, be to the cities you like, depending on how the computer awarded them based on your desired parameters and your seniority in the bid process.