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Petroleum oils boil away rapidly or decompose under high temperature conditions. The low volatility of Red Line not only reduces oil consumption, but it can have a significant effect on upper cylinder lubrication, especially in the upper ring area which will see temperatures in the range of 600°F, temperatures where only polyol ester basestocks will provide excellent lubrication. Cam and follower contacts can also reach temperatures of 500°F. Modern engines are designed to run much hotter than their predecessors, producing more power out of smaller engines. The engine compartments contain much more insulation to deaden noise. The air flow through the engine compartment has been reduced in order to reduce air drag and improve fuel economy. Petroleum oils may have adequately lubricated automotive engines of the past, but new engine designs are creating much more stress on the oil. Figure 3 compares the high-temperature evaporation of Red Line products to widely marketed petroleum products. Figure 4 compares the thermal stability of petroleum and other synthetics with Red Line. This test was performed at 500°F and is representative of temperatures seen in the ring area and upper cylinder. Only Red Line is capable of producing completely clean surfaces at those temperatures. It is interesting to note that other synthetics produced considerably more deposit than the petroleum. Petroleum evaporates more readily than the synthetics, so more of the synthetic remains to thermally decompose into a hard deposit. The thermal stability of the synthetic hydrocarbon used in other synthetics is only slightly greater than a petroleum hydrocarbon molecule; however, the polyol esters in Red Line are capable of at least an additional 100°F before breakdown.