The reason they are adamant is due to the terms of their CAFE award letter. Its not because of the mechanical construction of the engine.There’s some element of truth here - Honda was very adamant 0W-20 is to be exclusively used on the 1st generation Insight and all the Civic Hybrids. The oil clearances were tight.
As has already been noted, if thicker oil destroyed the engine then all engines would be destroyed since even at tropical starting conditions the oil is very thick compared to the operating temperature.