Marketing choices for the consumer. Pretty much everything in life comes with multiple choices in a product line-up .... primarily based on a cost vs. performance ROI. ("performance" being a loose term here for the sake of the conversation; indicating some manner of service factor, content, capability, etc).
Lexus offers three levels of the ES350; Base, Luxury and Ultra Luxury
McDonalds offers a slew of hamburgers; single, double, with or without cheese, etc.
Crest offers several different toothpaste options.
Rotella offers T4, T5 and T6; Delo and Delvac are similar, as are other brands of HDEOs.
By the way ...
Costco offers two different diesel oil options:
https://www.costcobusinessdelivery.com/kirkland-signature-synthetic-blend-sae-15w-40-heavy-duty-diesel-engine-oil,-1-gallon,-3-ct.product.2001195966.html
https://www.costcobusinessdelivery.com/kirkland-signature-sae-15w-40-heavy-duty-diesel-engine-oil,-1-gallon,-3-ct.product.100382223.html
Seriously? You don't understand marketing-tier strategy?