As I understand it, sulfur level IS acceptable in terms of an excuse, because VW US-gasoline engines still spec 502 oils, NOT 504/507. The 504/507 oils are for diesels, which use 15ppm fuel at far higher MPGs, then the 50ppm sulfur fuels used in lower MPG gas engines.
I get the symmantics, but AFAIK, and from my used oil analysis that proved 5k mile utility in my 2.5L engine, Ill openly admit that it was an incorrect application... I ran it based upon the fact that 504 supercedes 502 in some places...
But just like my 2011 135i still specing BMW LL-01, not the newer versions, lack of low sulfur fuel and no lean stratified charge IS a consideration...
And again, besides TBN, the oil was not torn up...