I still want to know what exactly do they put in gasoline, even non-ethanol gasoline, that makes it go bad over time.
I can have cans of acetone or varsol or lacquer thinner that last for years, that stuff does not go bad over time. Why should gasoline? Do "they" not want us civillians to have the abilty to store fuel indefinately?
Does jet or aviation fuel go bad over time? As fast as consumer/retail gasoline?
It's not something they put in it, it's what leaves.
Liquid fuel doesn't burn, its vapour does.
Gasoline is a mix of various chemicals, some have a lower vapour pressure and evaporate fairly easily, others have a higher vapour pressure. Winter fuel for example has more of the lower vapour pressure parts to help it evaporate more readily and help with cold starts.
As gas sits the lower vapour pressure parts of the fuel evaporate. Eventually you end up with fuel that won't evaporate fast enough when released into the intake, be that by carb or by fuel injector, and the engine won't run.
There are also chemical reactions with the air that occur slowly over time and moisture ending up in the tank that cause issues. Ethanol tends to absorb moisture so it exacerbates this.
Look at the Chevy Volt, it had a stainless steel fuel tank that was airtight and could withstand a bit of pressure differential with the outside in order to keep it's fuel fresh for longer if it wasn't using the ICE frequently. Even then it would automatically run the ICE occasionally to burn through the fuel and circulate oil through the engine.
You could probably run an engine on old fuel if you heated it to the point it would evaporate like the F1 turbo engines had to do in the 80's when they were using Toluene as fuel for its high octane.
Jet fuel is basically kerosene and similar to diesel. It doesn't go bad as fast, they can suffer from algae growth and algaecides have to be added to it if it's stored for long.
Aviation fuel tends to last a bit longer too, no ethanol helps and the fuel is blended to last longer. You do have to drain water from the tanks prior to flying though, it's surprising how much water can end up in a fuel system.