The energy density of lithium cells makes a lot of modern life possible, but it also carries a higher level of risk.
Molicel suffered a fire at one of their plants last month, whose production included cells for automotive, aircraft, and other high-end applications. Not cheap cells destined for toys or other consumer devices, and presumably not a facility that cut corners. Ignition supposedly occurred in a late stage production area where cells are given their initial charge.
Heat is a factor, but not to the extent often advocated, and the manufacturers aren't ignorant of this. The operating limits are prescribed on their spec sheets.
Many possibilities, including cell damage from over-discharge, unbalanced cells combined with a poor, or non-existent BMS, or just plain poor quality cells.
The risks rise in multi-cell battery applications. A simple flashlight and two unbalanced lithium primaries has the potential to turn into a grenade. The warnings to replace cells as a set should be heeded.
There are millions and millions of forgotten Li-powered devices tucked away in drawers or other places, unused. Reviving them, or recalling them into service isn't quite as simple, or benign as many might expect, so some caution is warranted when attempting to do so.