Most will agree it seems logical that the colder the car is the longer you need to idle to get up to acceptable temp....so, I'm just trying to quantify it with a usable formula. I accept it's biased toward the "idling less" approach, but it's a starting point. Above freezing, sure...start it and drive off. Below freezing, a few seconds is very reasonable. The formula still seems accurate through zero f...half a minute, right? Well, if it's really is -30f, maybe you want a bit more than a minute ...but if you are plugged-in maybe not. Does this all seem accurate for a FI car?