My example of M1 5W-30EP has a pour point of -49ºF and meets the 5W-xx requirement for:
An MRV (Mini-Rotary Viscometer) of -35°C (-31°F) (60,000 cP) Note: Many synthetics will be far less viscous in this test, guess 20,000.
and Cold Cranking Simulator (CCS) -30°C (-22°F)
In the end, the CCS number is a good measure of where the both the engine will crank freely and the oil will pump quickly enough to not have a delay in oil pressure rise. So any 5W-xx oil will start reliably at -22ºF
But it is good to know that some synthetic oils perform remarkably well in extreme cold conditions. With higher end or boutique 5W-30 oils having pour points around the -75ºF range!