I think that most of the suggestions made thus far are very good.
A few notes:
1) I haved used Norton for many years, and the newer versions (past ~1.5 years) are indeed less of a resource hog, as they promised. That said, I have heard good things about MSE, and I am sure there are other good anti-virus tools also.
2) I used my 2001 Dell 4400 for 10 years (Pentium 4) and performed a lot of maintenance over that entire time to try to keep it acceptably fast for routine work (no games). I sympathize with the time-commitment comments, but I don't see how you can do many of the steps in such a short time. Some things, like Defrag, are helpful but they take a lot of time.
3) A casual observation: Something happened after XP SP3 came out that seemed to slow down everything for everyone. I observed this on 2 PCs that I use and also mentioned it to friends who immediately agreed. Not scientific, but that's my story...
4) Most importantly, I concluded that it's a losing battle with XP on an old PC. Any maintenance that helps speed is a temporary benefit. I think that the minimum baseline PC assumed by software creators is beyond XP on a small-memory PC. This is fair enough...
In my case, my speed problem resolved itself when my 10-year old PC failed permanently 2 months ago (motherboard failure). I bought a new tower with second-gen i7 @ 3.4Ghz, 8GB RAM, SATA HD, and mid-range graphics card. Win 7 is great thus far. I found that this PC does everything with ease. I did not want to spend the money, but now that I see what I got, I wonder why I stayed with the old PC so long.