i jacked up my dads 96 legacy outback this weekend to have a look and see if i could figure anything out. the 4 wheel drive system appears to me to be nothing more than a conventional 3 diff fulltime setup with atleast 1 limited slip (or viscous) diff (the center one) and possibly the front and rear as well. i cant tell for sure, seems like there is alot of drag on the drivetrain when i try to spin a wheel up in the air by hand while in neutral. if that is because of a limited slip or viscous, then its probably normal.
in theory, with 1 wheel off the ground and the trans in gear with the clutch depressed, i should be able to spin 1 wheel by hand and the transmission input shaft whieh goes to the clutch should spin. this is correct as i have verified with my dad pushing the clutch in while i spin the whele by hand.
i did not see any sensors besides the obvious abs ones on each driven wheel, axle, trans, diff, or anything. actually, besides obvious reverse light, neutral switch, vss, and a abs sensor per wheel, there is no connecting wires to any of the entire drive train assembly.
i would suspect that its probably a fully mechanical drivetrain setup, atleast on a 96 legacy outback anyways. i dont know about newer subarus or automatics.
by the way, i was at a junkyard and saw my old subaru i sold years ago there. it was a 83 vintage with a 2wd/4wd secondary selector and this is the cool part, my old subaru had a high/low range selection as well. kinda miss that car. guess the girl i sold it to got sick of it.