A 10W-30 is 900-1,000 cSt @ 20°F. By comparison, a 5W-30 is 600-700 cSt @ 20°F.
While a 10W-30 is technically pumpable down to -14°F, you don't want to make the oil pump (and starter) struggle harder than they need to. I also don't like the idea of pushing tree sap through a cellulose filter. I like to give a buffer, keeping the maximum viscosity <1,000 cSt on cold starts.