As you can see, there is no concensus on whether or not K&N and other aftermarket so-called performance filters actually give better performance and whether or not they filter adequately.
I use only OEM filters...filters made by the maker of the original filters, but cheaper because they don't have the automaker's name on them. For the posting about the car that climbed the hill better with the K&N filter, we need to know how it would have done with a clean OEM air filter. It might have worked just as well. If it had either a dirty air filter, or a low quality new paper filter, it might have poor air flow.
On a gasoline engine, keep in mind that the job of the throttle is to restrict the flow of air into the engine. If the throttle is not wide open and the engine running at high rpm, the air flow through the filter is meaningless unless the filter is badly clogged with dirt. There is NO possible advantage to a so-called performance filter when the throttle plate is partly closed. On a diesel, the air flow isn't maxed until the turbocharger is really screaming.
About the myth of K&N filters filtering better when dirty...well it's not a myth, but when clogged with dirt they also have terrible air flow. What's the benefit?
I had a K&N air filter on my Volvo turbo. The upper lid of the airbox (filter outlet side) would have a light layer of dust. I went back to OEM Mann air filters, the car runs just as peppy, and the airbox stays clean.
Ken