Manufacture usually recommends changing furnace filter by month, 1 month for low end filter and up to 3 months for high end filter.
I think it's better to change filter based on hours usage than time. If the furnace is running 6-10 hours a day in winter like people in the north, then 1 month is 180-300 hours usage. My furnace is not on until around Thanksgiving or after, and usually running around 30 minutes to 1 hour a day, so it run about 45-90 hours in 3 months.
There was a thin layer of dirt on the filter in spring, I just vacuumed and re-used it for another year.
I think it's better to change filter based on hours usage than time. If the furnace is running 6-10 hours a day in winter like people in the north, then 1 month is 180-300 hours usage. My furnace is not on until around Thanksgiving or after, and usually running around 30 minutes to 1 hour a day, so it run about 45-90 hours in 3 months.
There was a thin layer of dirt on the filter in spring, I just vacuumed and re-used it for another year.