So Google Fi uses other carriers cell towers. Mostly T- Mobile. I have had them since they were called Project Fi. No real problems. Typically get Pixel phones through them. Or earlier Nexus phones.
They are great overseas. The service works in most of Europe just like you were in the US. I am sure more than just Europe.
Yes it's great, I've used it all over the world. The other big plus of Fi is they get the same network priority as T-Mo postpaid, most MVNOs are at the bottom of the network prioritization ladder, so if you're connected to a busy tower you get very little/no data.