It is kind of weird how much is going into passports these days. There's passport data sharing these days. It's almost impossible to fake or modify a passport these days and have it accepted. I've heard of photos being inserted, even with newer passports where the photo is printed flat on the info page. They have all these security features. And then even when it comes time to present a passport, they'll pull up the image from the database. Right now the big thing seems to be not modifying a passport, but finding a customer who looks "close enough" to the person on the passport and then maybe using makeup to get as close as possible to the appearance. But that probably isn't going to work with a stolen passport once it's reported as lost/stolen.
And the technology is wild. The original passport card was designed by General Dynamics. Not sure if that's still the case.
The Department of State is pleased to announce the award of a five-year (base year plus four option years) contract (amount not to exceed $99,333,863.00) to General Dynamics Information Technology of Fairfax, Virginia to integrate the production of the new passport card into the Department’s existing passport book processes. The contract calls for the supply of card stock, electronic chips, printers, and software.
The current passport covers are made by Infineon and Thales. I believe both are foreign companies, although these are their American subsidiaries.
The U.S. Government Publishing Office (GPO) has awarded a contract for security features, including the chip, software, and packaging, in the U.S. passport. The contract has been awarded to Infineon Technologies Americas Corporation and Thales DIS USA, Inc. and allows for the companies to supply these security solutions for up to ten years. GPO manufactures the U.S. passport—including many of its components—for the Department of State, who then personalizes the book for American travelers, Government officials, and diplomats.