PFP, sorry if I sound like an Imperial salesman. But the UOA evidence, and the price is just so convincingly good.
The idea with a synth, esp. XD-3 synth, is that you run it for a longer drain than you would with a dino.
A SAE study has shown that the phosphourous (from the ZDDP) uptake into the exhaust gas path is dependant on the concentration of ZDDP in the oil, as well as the OCI used.
A 3000 mile oil change with normal ZDDP levels, for instance, would introduce more phosphourous (through evaporation, etc.) into the exhaust gas, than would a 6k mile oil change with a HDEO with above-normal ZDDP.
Because of the general ignorance of the public, the industry is forced to come out with reduced ZDDP levels because people will change their oil every 3000 miles and expose their exhausts to more phosphourous. If people could be relied upon to change oil at recommended intervals, the industry would not have had to push for a reduction in ZDDP levels below those of current standards.
Insofar as your cats are concerned, another thing to keep in mind is that you live in Alberta, a place with no emmissions testing. And 'damage' is such a relative term in this context as well -- a HDEO maybe would mean a loss of 5% of life, where life might be 200-300k miles. Very hard to measure and/or quantify.
I would also suggest that more volatile dino oils have other downsides to catalytic converters and oxygen sensors that good synth HDEO's do not, that cannot be explained merely by ZDDP levels.