An efficiency test should be standardized to an average particle load seen in actual use, and a micron number if it makes it easier to compare. A high load efficiency test like is done in the lab doesn’t tell the efficiency on the road. Been wondering why so many makers do not provide the lab efficiency number, and imo maybe this is the reason. For sure a very low concentration of particles hitting media is not the same test as a high concentration in terms of efficiency.
Re: The bold statement in your post. Many makers don't provide the ISO efficiency number because their filter's efficiency is pretty bad. That's why Purolator/M+H removed the ISO 4548-12 efficiency of the Boss on their website (WIX did the same thing with the XP), and also Purolator doesn't show the efficiency of their new gold "20K" filter on their website. You have to call Purolator to get those numbers now.
This is for everyone to read, not just you since you probably won't believe it anyway based on your past reactions to discussions about oil filter efficiency, lol. ISO 4548-12 (and other ISO standards for different types of filters) have been used for literally decades by industry around the entire world. The reason the filters are loaded up pretty good is to see how the efficiency chances with loading, and yes oil filters get less efficient as they load up. Seen that in all the oil filters that Ascent ISO tested, and in other studies done like the one from Purolator/M+H referenced in this forum many times.
ISO 4548-12 has been discussed pretty heavily here, and one take away that many don't seem to realize is that an oil filter that has a high ISO 4548-12 rating is going to retain high efficiency as it loads up. Not all engines are as clean running as you imagine ... just look at some of the filter C&Ps here, and many filters show quite a bit of captured debris in them. And there is the debris you can't see with the naked eye deep in the media, especially on media that is "depth capturing", like the OG Ultra was.
A pretty inefficient filter like your beloved and touted Boss starts out pretty low relative efficiency even when new. Here's a plot of the raw data that Ascent got on the Boss he tested. Note that even when the filter was new and unloaded the efficiency was around 84% when it was only 15% loaded. Look at what the efficiency went down to when it was 65% loaded. That is why I keep saying don't run inefficient oil filters for long OCIs unless you want dirtier oil compared to running a high efficiency filter for a long OCI. Guess if you only ran the Boss (or similar inefficient filter) for pretty short OCIs on a relatively clean engine then it might be fine. But on the other hand, a filter that's ISO rated at 99% and 20u is going to do much better for the sump cleanliness in a longer OCI, and actually in any OCI just because it's a better performing oil filter.
In Ascents ISO testing, the ACDelco went from around 95% @ 20u when new to 84% @ 20u when loaded. The Fram OG Ultra for instance with the same 65% loading basically started at 100% @ 20u when new to around 99.7% @ 20u. The OG Ultra started out very efficient when new, and retained its efficiency well as it loaded up. The media in the OG Ultra was a very low shedder of debris as it loaded up. The Wix XP and Boss were horrible debris shedders as they loaded up as seen in the graph below, which of course hurt their overall ISO 4548-12 efficiently pretty badly.
As I've said many times, the ISO efficiency test tells you more about the filter performance if you understand how the test is ran and what the data means. Bottom line is don't run inefficient oil filters for long OCIs, and don't believe the misconception that they "get more efficient as they load up" because they clearly don't.