Primary and secondary ZDDP in diesel oils for gas?

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I was reading a thread on another forum. Someone was saying that using diesel oils to achieve higher ZDDP levels in a gas engine was a bad idea. It would be a shame if this is all true in regard to Rotella and Delo.

I googled a bit further, and basically the argument seems to be that that diesel oils contain too much of a form of ZDDP which activates at a higher temperature (primary ZDDP), which is less effective in a gas engine (with greater temperature range).

An additional argument is that all the unused detergents in diesel oils 'compete' for surface space on metal surfaces.

Any truth to either of these?

Below is an explanation from a website (which is selling something). Under that is the thread I mentioned. The first link also makes a claim about differences in sheer polymers.

http://www.cam-shield.com/acatalog/diesel.html

"Like ZDDP anti-wear chemistry, detergents are a surface active chemistry and compete directly for space on metal surfaces, such as the cam lobe and lifter face. So, in practice, the effective level of Zinc anti-wear is a bit lower than what we expect it to be based solely on chemical analysis. Additionally, the ZDDP that is generally used in diesel formulas is primary ZDDP (which activates at higher engine temperatures) since a diesel engine runs predominantly at operating temperature. In a gasoline engine, we must have both primary and secondary ZDDP (which activates at lower temperatures) since the engine will experience a significant number of cold starts. Also, the viscosity modifier polymers that are used in multi-viscosity engine oil to prevent viscosity loss at operating temperature (to protect the bearings) are different for diesel oil and gasoline oil. Diesels operate at essentially the same rpm all day long and need polymers that are shear stable to protect the bearings. Gasoline engines experience many large ranges of rpm during operation and require polymers that have both shear stability and thickening efficiency capability to protect the bearings."


http://www.corvetteforum.com/forums/c4-t...-corvettes.html

"Rejected Option 1: Using diesel (“C” series) oil in a gasoline engine for its higher zddp levels. This is an iffy proposition due to inherent differences in temperatures and operating conditions for these two very different types of engines. In publication SAE 860373 (sorry no link-- I bought this from the SAE and it's copyright protected), Figures 7a and 7b show that diesels are not as sensitive to detergent formulations, are well-protected with only primary zddp (i.e., the less effective kind), and do not need secondary zddp for adequate protection. All this is different in gasoline engines."
 
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Well this is very interesting indeed. The fact that Rotella T5 10w-30 is API SM certified means it can be used in gasoline engines. So, in my car this oil could be used because my owners manual clearly states my car is specd for that. Many people I have read on other forums have used Rotella T 5 or T6 with zero issues. If a diesel oil has the specs that meet your car or trucks specs in the manual then it is fine. I know one member here who uses Delvac with no problems. His car is specd for API SM has well.
 
Originally Posted By: bbhero
Well this is very interesting indeed. The fact that Rotella T5 10w-30 is API SM certified means it can be used in gasoline engines. So, in my car this oil could be used because my owners manual clearly states my car is specd for that. Many people I have read on other forums have used Rotella T 5 or T6 with zero issues. If a diesel oil has the specs that meet your car or trucks specs in the manual then it is fine. I know one member here who uses Delvac with no problems. His car is specd for API SM has well.
I just bought a gallon on 10w30 T5 for my old Camry, it surely does say "SM" on the back, I didn't even think of that.
 
O.k. for dual use and optimal are not the same.
I find on NEWER cars using diesel oil to be suboptimal. There are better choices. I used to run Rotella triple dino 10w30 in the older knocky EJ253 subarus - even there it needed to be tempered by a qt or so of formula shell ILSAC GF3 or 4 to get to the sweet spot for good mileage, engine response and low racket.
 
The subject is "classic cars."

Quote:
Contrary to the current internet buzz that diesel oil is the oil to use in a gasoline flat tappet cam engine, the correct oil to use on a continuous basis in your classic car's flat tappet cam engine is an oil designed for gasoline engines that contains the correct level of ZDDP anti-wear protection. Similarly, a race oil is not recommended for continued use in a street driven gasoline engine...
 
I would say it depends. From European stand point all passenger oils are dual rated. ACEA A3/B4,C3,C2 are for use in both types of engines. Difference comes with HDEOs, those are not dual rated, and some of them are not suitable for use in cars engines.
 
There are two areas of where the HD oil could be suboptimal, in a gas motor.......First, the issue of VII. If you are using synthetic HD oil, (T6, for example) this should not be an issue, since synthetic has little or no VII.

Second is the issue of operating temperature. I have to ask.....Are oil operating temps really that different, between gas and diesel engines? Both seem to shoot for 220-240F, to my knowledge. Am I wrong about this?
 
Originally Posted By: 4wheeldog
There are two areas of where the HD oil could be suboptimal, in a gas motor.......First, the issue of VII. If you are using synthetic HD oil, (T6, for example) this should not be an issue, since synthetic has little or no VII.

Second is the issue of operating temperature. I have to ask.....Are oil operating temps really that different, between gas and diesel engines? Both seem to shoot for 220-240F, to my knowledge. Am I wrong about this?
Why would VII's characteristics be any different in a HD diesel rated oil?
 
Originally Posted By: OceanRuns
I was reading a thread on another forum. Someone was saying that using diesel oils to achieve higher ZDDP levels in a gas engine was a bad idea. It would be a shame if this is all true in regard to Rotella and Delo.

I googled a bit further, and basically the argument seems to be that that diesel oils contain too much of a form of ZDDP which activates at a higher temperature (primary ZDDP), which is less effective in a gas engine (with greater temperature range).

An additional argument is that all the unused detergents in diesel oils 'compete' for surface space on metal surfaces.

Any truth to either of these?

Below is an explanation from a website (which is selling something). Under that is the thread I mentioned. The first link also makes a claim about differences in sheer polymers.

http://www.cam-shield.com/acatalog/diesel.html

"Like ZDDP anti-wear chemistry, detergents are a surface active chemistry and compete directly for space on metal surfaces, such as the cam lobe and lifter face. So, in practice, the effective level of Zinc anti-wear is a bit lower than what we expect it to be based solely on chemical analysis. Additionally, the ZDDP that is generally used in diesel formulas is primary ZDDP (which activates at higher engine temperatures) since a diesel engine runs predominantly at operating temperature. In a gasoline engine, we must have both primary and secondary ZDDP (which activates at lower temperatures) since the engine will experience a significant number of cold starts. Also, the viscosity modifier polymers that are used in multi-viscosity engine oil to prevent viscosity loss at operating temperature (to protect the bearings) are different for diesel oil and gasoline oil. Diesels operate at essentially the same rpm all day long and need polymers that are shear stable to protect the bearings. Gasoline engines experience many large ranges of rpm during operation and require polymers that have both shear stability and thickening efficiency capability to protect the bearings."


http://www.corvetteforum.com/forums/c4-t...-corvettes.html

"Rejected Option 1: Using diesel (“C” series) oil in a gasoline engine for its higher zddp levels. This is an iffy proposition due to inherent differences in temperatures and operating conditions for these two very different types of engines. In publication SAE 860373 (sorry no link-- I bought this from the SAE and it's copyright protected), Figures 7a and 7b show that diesels are not as sensitive to detergent formulations, are well-protected with only primary zddp (i.e., the less effective kind), and do not need secondary zddp for adequate protection. All this is different in gasoline engines."

Opinions are like anal orifices Every body has one so what you read on the net should be taken with a grain of salt. Remember even if it makes sense it may not be correct.
 
Originally Posted By: zach1900
Originally Posted By: 4wheeldog
There are two areas of where the HD oil could be suboptimal, in a gas motor.......First, the issue of VII. If you are using synthetic HD oil, (T6, for example) this should not be an issue, since synthetic has little or no VII.

Second is the issue of operating temperature. I have to ask.....Are oil operating temps really that different, between gas and diesel engines? Both seem to shoot for 220-240F, to my knowledge. Am I wrong about this?
Why would VII's characteristics be any different in a HD diesel rated oil?


I didn't say they were....The info in the link supplied by the OP said that they were, supposedly based on difference in RPM ranges. My point was......Good synthetic base stocks require basically no VIIs, to achieve the appropriate VI range. So.....At least with synthetic oil, it is a moot point.

I actually doubt that conventional HD oil has significant VII either. From me reading, 15W/40 conventional used in shared gearboxes is less prone to shearing than 5W/40 synthetic.
 
Originally Posted By: MolaKule
The subject is "classic cars."

Absolutely. We can also never forget they're trying to sell a product.

Broadly speaking, I'm not concerned in the least about using an HDEO in my gasser.
 
HDEO's are hugely popular in the Jeep community and never seen anyone complain of a problem as a result of it.

Doesn't make any sense in a new econo-box even though at one point I have had Rotella in every vehicle we owned. Again no issues.
 
Originally Posted By: 4wheeldog
Originally Posted By: zach1900
Originally Posted By: 4wheeldog
There are two areas of where the HD oil could be suboptimal, in a gas motor.......First, the issue of VII. If you are using synthetic HD oil, (T6, for example) this should not be an issue, since synthetic has little or no VII.

Second is the issue of operating temperature. I have to ask.....Are oil operating temps really that different, between gas and diesel engines? Both seem to shoot for 220-240F, to my knowledge. Am I wrong about this?
Why would VII's characteristics be any different in a HD diesel rated oil?


I didn't say they were....The info in the link supplied by the OP said that they were, supposedly based on difference in RPM ranges. My point was......Good synthetic base stocks require basically no VIIs, to achieve the appropriate VI range. So.....At least with synthetic oil, it is a moot point.

I actually doubt that conventional HD oil has significant VII either. From me reading, 15W/40 conventional used in shared gearboxes is less prone to shearing than 5W/40 synthetic.



Very few synthetic oils have no viscosity index improvers. Very few.
 
Originally Posted By: chrisri
I would say it depends. From European stand point all passenger oils are dual rated. ACEA A3/B4,C3,C2 are for use in both types of engines. Difference comes with HDEOs, those are not dual rated, and some of them are not suitable for use in cars engines.


Why would they not be suitable for use in car engines? You can freely put in ACEA E(x) (HDEO) oil in any car without a problem.....

Except if you were thinking about HDEO oils intendent for GM railroad engines....
smile.gif


http://modricaoil.com/en/products/lokomodol-sae-40/
 
Originally Posted By: Clevy
Very few synthetic oils have no viscosity index improvers. Very few.

Agreed, and base stocks can make a difference in some applications. I'm sure there's a reason XOM kept Delvac 1 5w-40 ESP and others primarily PAO while the competition moved to Group III stuff.

chrisi: The Delvac 1 I use is an HDEO, with an E7, E9 rating. It is dual rated, having API SM as well. As Kamele0N noted, one needs to worry about the railroad stuff, not the regular OTR HDEOs.
 
Quote:
Diesels operate at essentially the same rpm all day long


Not talking about on road diesels then. Diesels are also used in trucks, pickups and cars, and have varying temps and rpm ranges.
 
Originally Posted By: Kamele0N
Originally Posted By: chrisri
I would say it depends. From European stand point all passenger oils are dual rated. ACEA A3/B4,C3,C2 are for use in both types of engines. Difference comes with HDEOs, those are not dual rated, and some of them are not suitable for use in cars engines.


Why would they not be suitable for use in car engines? You can freely put in ACEA E(x) (HDEO) oil in any car without a problem.....

Except if you were thinking about HDEO oils intendent for GM railroad engines....
smile.gif


http://modricaoil.com/en/products/lokomodol-sae-40/



Do tell us how do you know that if almost none of the E rated oils DO NOT carry any passenger car approvals, such as even basic A3/B4? You are only speculating. And I actually use HDEO for 100k now in a old Escort.
 
Originally Posted By: chrisri
Do tell us how do you know that if almost none of the E rated oils DO NOT carry any passenger car approvals, such as even basic A3/B4?

This is one time you can look at the API specification. As far as I know, you cannot have A3/B4 co-exist with any E specification. At least I've never seen it on any of the major brand HDEOs. Usually, it's a SA thing, with E7, E9 lubes and the like having a SA of 1.0% or lower, whereas A3/B4 lubes exceed that.

If it says SM and it's CJ-4 and not some two stroke diesel specification, it can be used in gassers. Mobil even specifically states that Delvac 1 ESP 5w-40 is suitable for high performance gasoline applications.

Obviously, one still has to pay attention to specifications, as an HDEO may not be optimal for a certain vehicle, particularly one under warranty calling for something different, like a 0w-20 SN/GF-5 in North America or Japan.
 
Garak, my point was that without actual approvals all we can is look at technical data , and try to find what suits our need. I'm 100% confident to use low SA in A3/B4 engine that's mine, but would hesitate to recommend such oil to a Ferrari owner. To much unknown factors.
 
That's certainly true. However, I wouldn't recommend a vanilla A3/B3, A3/B4 to a Ferrari owner, either, without it having formal approvals, or something pretty darned close. I'm not sure exactly what Ferrari specifies (i.e. via builder approvals of their own or through Fiat), but I wouldn't be surprised if it were much than A3/B3, A3/B4 approvals.

Do note that a certain esteemed poster here uses Delvac 1 in a variety of gassers, including some very expensive European makes. And he certainly isn't cutting back the OCI out of fear of SA being roughly 1%.
 
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