Assuming you're using Loctite 242 (blue) 24 hours is the cure time. If you need it to cure faster use primer 7471, it expensive though, about $40 a can. If you use primer you have about 3 minutes once you apply the Loctite to put the bolt in and torque it.
All that being said and as others have mentioned, don't worry about the cure time, the bolts stretch when you torque them and it is the tension created by the stretch that keeps everything in place. Loctite here is just insurance.