Fallout 4 will use all 4 cores.
The i3-4100 is around 4900 cpubench
the i5-2300 is around 5300
that is the min spec.
Recommended spec
The i7-4790k is 11000+
I'd skip the geforce 780 get a 970 or better.
Microcenter has very good deals..
I'd probably get at least a i5-4690k
they have a 300$ motherboard combo Z97 PRO4 LGA 1150 ATX + i5-4690k
Video card I'd go at least a geforce 960 or better or amd r9 280+
8GB of ram is fine.
500w 80+bronze or better power supply. some amd video cards might require a 600w
A 250GB ssd boot drive and a 1-4TB storage drive
I have a 970 which will be sufficient.. Hoping it doesnt chug too bad and will do high graphics with my aging
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If not I have budgeted 500$ towards upgrades..
I wouldnt mind jumping to a skylake setup but I have 16GB of ddr3 and those require ddr4
I tend to think that the I3 listed would be sufficient but do you really want to game on medium or lower settings? Most of bethesda gameworks titles seem to run pretty cpu heavy.