Sorry - missed this. Too busy moderating, lately, it seems...
So, "weaponeering" is the art of matching weapon selection (bomb, etc.), weapon performance, and delivery method to the desired effect on the target.
You've got a choice in type of bomb/weapon, bomb size, bomb composition, guidance, fusing, and number - optimizing all of those allows you to get the desired effect on a target.
There is a very comprehensive manual for this art, known as JMEMS - Joint Munition Effectiveness Manual.
You can tell how things are going to work against various target types - Bunker, oil tank, armored vehicle, regular house, whatever, and then optimize the weapon.
For example, you want to hit a bunker. The bomb has to penetrate 5 meters of concrete. That narrows the bomb choice down to one that can survive the impact. You'll need a delay fuse that senses the impact and goes off XXX milliseconds after so that the bomb explodes inside the bunker. You'll want a guidance package that allows precision impact, laser or GPS, depending on the operational environment. You'll want a delivery method - dive, toss, simple release, etc. - as well as fins, or stabilization, that allows the weapon sufficient energy on impact to penetrate the concrete.
It's not simple. It's actually very complex and it's part art, part science, part testing and research. One of the more important considerations is collateral damage. We mitigate that by using just enough weapon to destroy the intended target, and not everything around it, as well as ensuring sufficient precision in delivery to ensure that the target is struck, without the weapon being off target and causing unintended damage or consequences.
It's also not done well by other nations, who just drop dumb, unguided, impact fuzed weapons without regard to target accuracy, desired effect, or collateral damage.