Originally Posted By: Trajan
http://www.eia.gov/oog/info/gdu/gasdiesel.asp
http://blogs.cars.com/kickingtires/2008/05/why-is-diesel-m.html
http://en.allexperts.com/q/Oil-Gas-3147/Gallon-gas.htm
One 42gal gallon barrel of crude oil yields:
19.5 gallons of gasoline
9.2 gallons of distillate fuel oil (diesel fuel and home-heating oil)
4.1 gallons of kerosene-type jet fuel
2.3 gallons of residual fuel oil (used in industry and marine transportation and for election power generation)
1.9 gallons liquefied refinery gases
1.9 gallons still gas
1.8 gallons coke
1.3 gallons asphalt and road oil
1.2 gallons petrochemical feedstock
0.5 gallons lubricants
0.2 gallons kerosene
0.3 gallons other
The main reason that diesel prices are high is the European Union has taxed gasoline more than diesel in a misguided attempted to get people there to buy diesel cars and reduce so-called global warming emissions of carbon.
So to meet this increased demand for diesel the Europeans are importing diesel from the US and exporting gasoline that they no longer need. (It is very expensive to ship product back and forth and this creates more carbon emissions, but that is another topic) This forces the price of diesel up inducing refineries to make more of the stuff. As you can see above they have to make 2 gallons of gasoline for every gallon of diesel, regardless of whether the market needs it. But demand for gasoline is not increasing, so they have to lower the price to get rid of the stuff and induce Americans to buy bigger vehicles.
This is a beneficial situation for the American consumer. Wholesale diesel prices are now $124 per barrel. Wholesale gasoline is $111 per barrel, about the same price as gulf coast oil. Gulf Coast refineries are essentially giving away gasoline at cost to make profits on diesel sales. If we stopped exports of diesel, the price of that product would fall, but the refineries would have to increase the price of gasoline to avoid operating at a loss.