Ballast for HID - what is their function?

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Can anyone tell what the function of the ballast in HID lights is and when they go bad, what the symptoms are?
 
ballast is basically a transformer, that currents the low voltage to a high voltage

Keep in mind, you may have a separate ignitor, whether it is a separate piece or part of a D1S bulb

When any of fails, the bulb will not light
 
The ballast has two functions. First is to provide the high voltage necessary to strike the arc in the bulb. Second is to regulate the current passing through the bulb.

It takes much less voltage to sustain the arc than it does to initiate and in many types of gas discharge bulbs the voltage required to sustain the arc decreases with increasing current.

Primary symptom of a bad ballast is that the bulb will fail to illuminate.
 
HID ballasts in automotive applications also differ from home and business applications. Automotive ballasts warm up the bulbs much quicker, 2-10 seconds, where as the arc lamps in my my high school gym from several years ago took a good 10-15 minutes to achieve full intensity.
 
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