53' Stude's VOA- Carquest SAE 40

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Posted courtesy of @53' Stude




53 Stude VOA Carquest SAE 40 PNG.jpg
 
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Thanks 53’Stude for the VOA and Tasch72 for posting, very interesting, I’m getting into monogrades again.

For comparison here is the data for Mag-1 SAE40 from their web page, which is rated API SP.

TYPICAL PROPERTIES​

Boron, wt. %ASTM D51850.02
Calcium, wt. %ASTM D51850.099
ColorASTM D15003
Flash Point °CASTM D92230
Flash Point °FASTM D92446
Foam Seq. III (Tendency/Stability), mLASTM D892 (Opt. A)0/0
Foam Seq. II (Tendency/Stability), mLASTM D892 (Opt. A)0/0
Foam Seq. I (Tendency/Stability), mLASTM D892 (Opt. A)0/0
Gravity, °APIASTM D28728.79
High Temperature Foaming, static foamASTM D6082 (Opt A)10/0
High Temperature / High Shear Vis at 150°C, cPASTM D54813.89
Magnesium, wt. %ASTM D51850.059
Molybdenum, wt. %ASTM D51850.0079
Nitrogen, wt. %ASTM D46290.087
Noack Volatility, % lossASTM D63752.8
Phosphorus, wt. %ASTM D51850.077
Pour Point °C (°F)ASTM D5950-30°C (-22°F)
Specific Gravity @ 60°F (15.6°C)ASTM D40520.8829
Sulfated Ash, wt. %ASTM D8740.92
Sulfur, wt. %ASTM D49510.3
TBN, mgKOH/gASTM D28967.0
Viscosity @ 100°C cStASTM D44513.38
Viscosity @ 40°C cStASTM D445125
Viscosity IndexASTM D2270102
Zinc, wt. %ASTM D51850.085

INDUSTRY/OEM SPECIFICATIONS​

API SP Approved
 
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So looking at the Mag-1 we get a viscosity index (VI) = 102, for the Amalie SAE 40 VI = 102, both listed values and both API SP oils.

Calculating the VI for the Carquest SAE-40, using the VOA viscosity figures, I get VI = 136. This is a bit too high, and puts it in Group III territory, which I don’t think is possible for a SAE-40, however the VI is obviously over 100 which to me means it’s Group II.

To me this is where these newer SAE-30 and SAE-40 monogrades shine, sure they have an API SN or SP add pack with a LSPI friendly Ca + Mg detergent package plus regular zinc levels of about 800 ppm, but look at the pour points (PP) and think of the improvement in oxidation stability compared to the old school Group I monogrades.

Mag-1 SAE 40 PP = -30C / -22F
Mag-1 SAE 40 VI = 102

Amalia SAE 40 PP = -33C / -27F
Amalia SAE 40 VI = 102

With the corresponding SAE-30’s doing even better.

For comparison Castrol GTX 20W50 has a PP = -30C, and J300 says it can pass the cold cranking (CC) test at -15C. Sure PP isn’t CC, but if I was running a modern Group II monograde and the temperature dropped a bit below freezing then I personally would not be concerned. In the old days of Group I monogrades, I would be far more nervous.

You also have the benefits that a Group-II has far more oxidation stability (over Group-I) so this allows a longer oil change interval (OCI) than was possible in the past. I personally would be OK with a 5k miles OCI on a modern monograde for my application.

Monogrades have no polymer viscosity index improvers (VII) added to the oils, which means 100% shear stability and less engine contamination.

Also look at the Noack volatility figures
Mag-1 SAE 30 = 5%
Mag-1 SAE 40 = 2.8%

To me, if you live in a warm climate, a modern monograde is worth considering.

I’m putting my money where my mouth is, a few weeks ago I purchased some Penrite SAE-30 monograde (VI = 113) and that will be going into my car for it’s next OCI.
 
Penrite SAE30 monograde, mineral oil
ColourRed
Density at 20°C, kg/L0.894
Viscosity, Kinematic, cSt at 40°C90
Viscosity, Kinematic, cSt at 100°C11
Viscosity Index113
Zinc, Mass %0.117
Sulphated Ash, Mass %0.67
Total Base Number (TBN)6.5

Looking at similar oils I’m expecting the HTHS ~ 3.3 to 3.4 cP and Noack ~ 5%
 
To have it all in one place, from their web page, the Mag-1 SAE 30 (to compare with their 40 above)

MAG-1 SAE 30

TYPICAL PROPERTIES​

Boron, wt. %ASTM D51850.02
Calcium, wt. %ASTM D51850.099
ColorASTM D15003
Flash Point °CASTM D92220
Flash Point °FASTM D92428
Foam Seq. III (Tendency/Stability), mLASTM D892 (Opt. A)0/0
Foam Seq. II (Tendency/Stability), mLASTM D892 (Opt. A)0/0
Foam Seq. I (Tendency/Stability), mLASTM D892 (Opt. A)0/0
Gravity, °APIASTM D28729.35
High Temperature Foaming, static foamASTM D6082 (Opt A)10/0
High Temperature / High Shear Vis at 150°C, cPASTM D54813.37
Magnesium, wt. %ASTM D51850.059
Molybdenum, wt. %ASTM D51850.0079
Nitrogen, wt. %ASTM D46290.087
Noack Volatility, % lossASTM D63755
Phosphorus, wt. %ASTM D51850.077
Pour Point °C (°F)ASTM D5950-33°C (-27°F)
Specific Gravity @ 60°F (15.6°C)ASTM D40520.8797
Sulfated Ash, wt. %ASTM D8740.92
Sulfur, wt. %ASTM D49510.3
TBN, mgKOH/gASTM D28967.0
Viscosity @ 100°C cStASTM D44510.94
Viscosity @ 40°C cStASTM D44591.3
Viscosity IndexASTM D2270105
Zinc, wt. %ASTM D51850.085

INDUSTRY/OEM SPECIFICATIONS​

API SP Approved
 
Another one I’m interested in Penrite Convoy Mono Truck 30

Density at 15°C, kg/L0.882
Viscosity, Kinematic, cSt at 40°C93
Viscosity, Kinematic, cSt at 100°C11.4
Viscosity Index111
Ca content, Mass %0.363
Zinc, Mass %0.109
Phosphorus, Mass %0.099
Sulphated Ash, Mass %1.4
Total Base Number (TBN)11.1

Key Specifications: API SG, API CF-2, ACEA E1
 
These API SP 40wt oils would ironically probably work pretty well in a Detroit Diesel 2 stroke because of the low sulfated ash.
 
I did my oil change yesterday on the 2006 GM-Holden (Opel) Astra, the 1.8L H series Astra.

Out: Castrol Magnatec 5W30 SN & A3/B4 full synthetic (Group III) & Repco Z154 filter.

In: Penrite SAE 30 monograde (Small Engine - mineral) & Valvoline V06 filter.

OCI = 11,600 km / 7,209 miles / 9 months

SAE 30 Monograde is API SG/CD, non-friction modified, VI = 113 (Group II) , Zinc = 1170ppm, TBN = 6.5, SA = 0.67%. Colour = red.
The TBN is a bit lower, so I'll probably change a bit earlier at 8,000km / 5,000 miles, while keeping the Valvoline syn-blend media filter in for a second run.
 
This is interesting to follow. I haven't run straight SAE 30 or 40 oil in a car since my old 240D in the 1980's.
Back in the 80's everyone here that I knew was using 20W50. Monograde wasn't on my radar back then.

Now I see their (theoretical) advantage when used in a hot climate, so I went old school, just to give it ago. Practically it's just like running any other oil. I doubt it will make any real world difference, for good or for bad. But for the record, yes it's mower oil.
 
With modern group II base oils, and the noted low pour points; these modern mono grades actually probably meet the requirements to be 15W-30’s and 20W-40’s.
They aren’t ‘really’ monogrades; they are just labelled as such due to a lack of VII’s.
 
Back in the 80's everyone here that I knew was using 20W50. Monograde wasn't on my radar back then.
Now I see their (theoretical) advantage when used in a hot climate

Same, 20W-50 in almost everything.

In the 80's and 90's - - - Everyone was still gun-shy from all the GM camshafts going flat on 10W-40.....
 
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Similar talk here, for anybody interested

 
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