This is my somewhat rough guess just from reading, not college. Castrol Euro Car 0W-30 A3/B4 has too much zinc and some other additives to meet the EPA SP or SQ plus the SP has to have the lower HTHS value for the sake of pulling an extra 1/10 of 1% fuel milage increase on the engine test stands for CAFE standards compliance. and yes, I am exaggerating. This Castrol 0W-30 meets ACEA C3 which requires an HTHS value of >3.5. Mobil 1 ESP 0w30 also meets that ACEA value. I have been told by oil tech employees that most EURO oils actually exceed the API ratings in many ways, but can't meet certain API ratings, say the HTHS value and Catalytic converter protection with their additives. Another example is Royal Purple HPS 5W-30. It carries no API ratings at all; they don't even try. The HTHS value on that 5W-30 is 3.8. Because of that and the additives they use to add their "Synerlec" magic potion, they can't meet API ratings. None of the Royal Purple API rated engine oils have the "Synerlec" in them. I am sure some of this is not exactly right, hopefully you get the idea though. It is about having too much anti wear additives and making the HTHS values too high to meet the API specs.