You have to use a torque wrench for critical applications, aas there's nothing better that you can rely on.
At work, the typical application is 200lbft to establish crush on the gaskets. Then work through a rotational angle to establish 0.15% strain on the fastener.
Of course those bolts cost $5,000 per stud and nut.
I Prefer strain measurement for tensioning, but realise that torque is vastly easier to measure.