That's like asking if you need dietary supplements without a blood test. A soil test will reveal your relative soil health (nutrients, pH, CEC, etc.) and you can go from there. Without this info, a modest starter fertilizer app. at the time of soil preparation won't hurt anything. The seed will germinate without fertilizer, but soon after it will usually benefit with a bit of fertilizer (again, conditions vary too much to make blanket recommendations). However, if you have some serious soil problems such as poor pH, your growing grass may fail. Many states no longer allow phosphorus fertilizer. There's lots of details I could explain, but it's all on the net.