Low coolant level: faulty cap.

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A while ago I noticed a white residue on my radiator from under the cap. Checked the coolant level and it was super low! It could have been low for months. I know, I should check things more often.. The car never overheated, though. The cap has since been replaced along with a flush and fill. I know the temp guage works because we checked when swapping coolant.

My question is: Can running low coolant for a while, without the car overheating, cause damage in and of itself? Or as long as the car didn't overheat, it's ok?

Can a used oil analysis determine any problems resulting from this? Thanks!
 
If it didn't overheat, then its very unlikely any damage occurred. Its amazing how much excess coolant systems carry around- so long as there's enough left to keep the INLET to the water pump submerged so its not sucking air, the engine will stay full of coolant. You may loose some ultimate cooling capacity since much of the radiator will be full of air, but as long as the engine doesn't overheat you should be fine. All that air can lead to corrosion because it introduces a lot of oxygen into the system, but since you a) have an 07 Ford, and b) you say it was "a white residue" I'm sure that you had G-05 in there, which is very tolerant to air and will still protect against corrosion even in the presence of a lot of air. Now if it had been DexCool.... :-(
 
I had the same issue this summer. I was basically told over and over it's not the cap. For $8 I "splurged" and it was the cap.
Cheap insurance, like many things...
 
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