I have several of these "clicker" torque wrenches.
Short answer: using a tool does not damage it; abusing a tool does.
Long answer below: ...
I do agree it's not a good practice to use it as a breaker bar. But it's not damaging to the tool as long as the torque to break the bolt loose does not exceed the normal operating range of the torque wrench.
If you've ever taken one apart, these are merely spring-loaded detent devices. When you turn the handle barrel, it uses the threaded mechanism inside to compress the spring (essentially a "preload" effect). The spring uses a mandrel/plunger to push up against a ball-detent. In use, as the desired torque setting is crested, the spring loaded plunger pops past the detent (that's the "click"). It's literally that simple of a device. The linear rate of travel in the threaded handle combined with the linear rate of the spring gives a predictable result of force against the ball detent. If the spring is well made and of good quality material, the "spring rate" will not change over the life of the tool by any substantial manner. The only way these can "adjusted" (calibrated) is that shims can be added or subtracted under the spring to help "zero" (for a lack of a better term) the device, so that a target value on the handle setting is truly achieved when the detent activates. Generally, once they are set at the factory, they're good for the life of the tool.
Breaking torque loose to remove a traditional bolt/nut (LH counterclockwise) is simply popping the detent over in the opposite direction of "normal" (RH clockwise) use. As already mentioned, any LH bolt would actually use this function; it's not "wrong" to use the tool in this manner. Of the ones I've taken apart, the detent ramp is identical in both directions; thereby allowing multi-directional use.
There are two ways you could use the tool as a "breaker bar".
- leave the setting at zero; there will be no pressure whatsoever on the spring and detent. The only concern would be if you exceed the design capability of the tool itself; that of the pivot pin in the head, or the bending moment of the shaft, etc. For goodness sake, don't use a 1/4" clicker-wrench to break loose some lugnuts on your SuperDuty!!!
- set the torque value ABOVE the expected break-loose value, but always below the max allowable setting. In this manner, the detent would never be activated. If, for example, you wanted to break loose a fastener with approximately 80 ft-lbs expected torque, and your wrench is capable of 150 ft-lb, there's no conceivable manner that you would damage the wrench if you set it to 120 fl-lb for that 80 ft-lb task.
Every time you "pop" over the detent, there is some really small amount of wear going on. For the average user at home, you'll never wear the tool out. If it were used in a production operation, literally hundreds of "pops" per shift, for months on end, then you might alter the detent enough that it needed to be changed out. There are actually repair parts available for worn out detent wrenches. But as I said, it takes MANY THOUSANDS of "pops" to wear them out; it's a function of tool quality and quantity of uses. Most folks at home will never wear out a detent.
I personally have used my t-wrenches for decades, and when I took them to my QC lab and checked them on our ISO certified torque cell, they were still perfectly serviceable and in spec, after years and years of use. But I used them hundreds of times; not thousands of times.
I cannot stress this enough; never exceed the operating range of the tool no matter what you're doing with it !!! The reason we see manufacturer statements about not using them as breaker bars is because people are idiots; they tend to exceed the design criteria of the tool. THAT is what damages a torque-wrench. We also have to acknowledge that most torque wrenches today are a combination of the torque function AND a ratcheting head. What limits the capacity of the tool is more likely the ratchet system and NOT the detent. You're gonna break the ratchet (gear or pawl) far sooner than the detent if you "over torque" the tool.
Again, I agree it's not the proper tool for a breaker-bar job, but a true understanding of the working principle allows us to make an educated response here. It's not ideal, but it's also not going to damage anything to any degree worth worrying about as long as the unit isn't stressed past it's design limits.