To answer the OPs question, brake lines are made of Bundy tubing, which is a unique process that results in material that is reliably resistant to bursting. As far as corrosion resistance, the material is plain carbon steel that is brazed to itself, and is no more corrosion resistant than any other steel part on a car.
Corrosion resistance comes from the coating. Old brake lines were coated with terne plate -- a lead rich coating, which has excellent corrosion resistance. Since there has been a large push to eliminate lead from vehicle production, brake lines are now coated with epoxy.
Brake line corrosion is chiefly from the outside in. I don't remember reading or hearing anything of internal corrosion being a problem with brake lines.
As mentioned above, the reason for not using stainless steel or nickel-copper is chiefly economics. Burst strength may be a secondary factor. Plus, most brake lines last the life of the car. The times they don't last and need to be replaced is for those that live in the rust belt and hang on to their cars for a long time.