It was established a long long time ago that engines are very robust items, capable of tolerating a wide range in oil quality and viscosity.
I'd imagine a Prius would live a happy life running 5w-20 or 20w-50 in Australia. With all things considered, there is enough capacity in the cooling system to cope with Australia's summer heat AND still run 5w-20. I'd bet that the final difference in viscosity between say a 70f day in Southern California, and a 110f day in Melbourne wouldn't be all that much different when running 5w-20. If you planned on taking your car to a race track....well, that would be a different story
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Does that mean an owner can't use 20w-50? No. Does that mean the Prius would choke and die if someone poured 20w-50 inside the crankcase? No. You'd probably loose a bit of fuel economy, and you might actually increase temperatures a bit, but I'd reckon the car would run just fine. Not necessarily because 20w-50 is a good oil choice for the Prius, but because modern internal combustion engines are incredibly robust and forgiving. As long as they have some form of lubricant in the crank case, they are going to keep running.
Also, remember, its Australia, a place where you can buy 10w-60 over the counter! I'd imagine their fascination with heavy weight oils is due to experiences garnered generations ago with inferior lubricants. Like many oil traditions, these heavyweight oils have stuck around. Toyota of Australia isn't going to hamstring their vehicle owners or mechanics by saying 20w-50 is not allowed in their engines....because I'd imagine in some parts of the country, 5w-20, and other "thin" oils are hard to come by.
If he was living in the Arctic things would be different, and the manual clearly states that with its low temperature oil recommendations.