OK, guys, here are the facts!
Tires hardly wear at all in snowy or rainy conditions - in non-cornering driving. However, since most tire wear occurs in the cornering mode, wet and snowy conditions adds a bit of lubrication between the road and the tire, allowing for an easier transition in and out of the footprint, and therefore better wear in the cornering mode as well.
As a general rule, rubber as a material isn't affected by water, however, rubber cuts more easily when the cutting edge is lubricated and water does provide some lubrication.
The reason sandpaper works better when it is wet is that the water flushes the surface and doesn't allow the "grit" to get clogged with particles. Taking the sandpaper analogy further, what happens with the road surface is that the tire is constantly "seeing" a new surface, and the surface gets cleaned out every time it rains. Ergo, the worst tire wear ought to occur immediately after the rain has dried off the road surface.
For this reason, tire wear is never tested in rainy (and snowy) conditions.
So to answer the question about tire wear in Seattle vs Phoenix: Since most tire wear occurs in the cornering mode and since Seattle has much curvier (Is that a word?) roads, Seattle will probably have more rapid tire wear, even considering the effect the rain has on tread wear.
Hope this helps.