C2D machines could function fairly well up to about macOS 10.13. I say this from first hand experience with running several patched machines.
Mine only goes up officially to 10.7, and I've only got 10.6. Stayed away from upgrades for a while and now it's PITA to get a physical disc. But at this point what does it matter other than just having a spare machine just in case?
Are there any Linux distributions that might work?