q: what is special about marine oil?
a: the price.
for outboard oil, are you talking about 2-stroke oil for a 2-cycle engine or do you mean regular 4-cycle engine oil for a 4-cycle outboard like a Honda or Suzuki?
I have always run regular motor oil off the shelf from auto stores for the past 15 years in my boats. I just aquired a 2002 boat this year with a 3.0L 4cyl merc I/O. It had the factory merc 25w40 oil in it and I had it analyzed. It had sheared to a 30wt oil. If there's anything special about "marine" engine oil, it is most likely a 40wt or xw-40 to help the oil last under the high load and high rpm conditions marine engines typically see. There is viscosity break down, and with a 40wt oil there's a margin of safety (in my opinion) so that when it does shear to a 30wt oil it is okay because there is still adequate lubrication and protection with a 30wt oil. Somebody correct me if I'm wrong, but the SAE oil weight depends primarly on the engine, what is requires because of how it was built and what clearances/tolerances it has. But I believe all marine V-4 V6 and V-8 motors require a 30wt to 40wt oil. Largely in the past marine engines recommended use of straight 30wt oil- the monograde oils are less likely to break down in viscosity than multigrade (10w30) oils. I don't know what additive packages "marine" oils have in them other than merc 25w40 4-cycle marine oil analysis showed it had high levels of zinc and Mg (antiwears) and a high TBN. With TBN, I don't think you can go wrong with any quality automotive oil today unless you really negelect it though. I've been using them for the past 15 years with no problems, I have never used "marine" oil.