I don’t think sump temperature is a good measure of how well an oil is protecting your engine. But it is a useful measure of your engine’s cooling ability.
Yes sump temps go up with viscosity. But whenever I see real data, the thicker oils are always warmer but still thicker than a thinner oil running a bit cooler in the same engine. Member Shannow did some direct measurements a few years ago.
A very useful metric is the HTHS (high temperature & high shear) viscosity, measured at 150 C (~302 F) and at high shear rates. To me this better represents the oil in action, protecting your engine.