A quick review of ZDDP literature on the internet shows that ZDDP contains one Zn molecule and 2 P (phosphorous) molecules (somewhat obvious from the name I guess). Based on the molecular weights of each (roughly 65 for Zn and 31 for P), an analysis for ZDDP should show roughly equal weight-quantities of Zn and P. It actually works out to approximately 1060 ppm Zn per 1000 ppm of P. So the analysis provided shows that there is more than enough P present to account for the 54,000 ppm Zn if the molecule is actually ZDDP.
Actually, the analysis shows nearly 50% more P than there should be IF the Zn number is accurate. Or, the Zn number is falsely low IF the P number is accurate. Perhaps there is P present from some other component in the formulation. It's quite possible that the presence of other components in the formulation caused positive or negative interferences with accuracy of the Zn or P test methods.
You really need Molakule or someone with similar knowledge to comment further. I know basic chemistry, but that's all. But for sure, you can not say that this analysis should show lower Zn if the host molecule is ZDDP. ZDDP as a product appears to available in concentrations up to 50% by weight (500,000 ppm as ZDDP).
