Originally Posted By: Quattro Pete
Originally Posted By: Popinski
Engine oil's main job is to lube, clean and cool....
Depends on whom you ask. If you ask CAFE, they'll say that it also needs to reduce fuel economy.
And the "lube job" can be achieved by having a very robust add pack, but such an add pack may cause an oil to not be API SM-compliant, or may even cause cat poisoning. So, it may be best for your engine, but not for other car components.
Engine design, operating conditions, and driving patterns also matter. An oil for short trips around town in super cold climate may not be best for extended periods of driving at the track.
Price also comes into the equation, another words what's "best for the money".
Think about it, if there was such a thing as best oil, all other oils would not exist (especially the worst one), as we'd all be buying that one best oil.
^^ This.
To add a few things...
Some engine oils are also used to actuate hydraulic systems in the engine, like Honda's VTEC or BMW's VANOS.
"Lubrication" doesn't always mean the same thing. Some engines need big hydrodynamic films, some need extreme pressure protection, etc. Different alloys might work best with different types of oil. Formulating an oil for one thing might make it worse for another.
And then there's the question of drain intervals. Some modern econo car engines can run for thousands of miles on low-TBN oils, but the same oils wouldn't last 3k in an older sports car's engine. Conversely, the sports car's oil might slowly corrode the copper and aluminum in the econo car engine and do more harm than good.
Then there's the question of viscosity. Some engines need something nice and thick to maintain good films. Put that oil in a smaller, lighter-duty engine and you might get too much drag and too many hotspots.
As has been said, this kind of stuff is why lubrication is a science unti itself.