The picture is not super clear apologies. These were just wiped with a rag in the cold. The bearings and races both look perfect with no pitting, scoring or even haze. This makes sense as they were not making noise. I believe that the increases play comes from either the grease pack of the bearings themselves dropping (grease running out of hub face (not blowing out rear seal) out due to the extreme temperature. Or the bearings are taking an additional further seat after some use.I'm still trying to understand what the failure (or damage) mode is for your bearings. The photos suggest there may be debris denting, so cleanliness may be an issue.
As far as setting clearance, aim for 0.010 mm, or as close to 0 as possible. Err on the side of clearance, not preload.
My current plan for the next spring race is to the use these bearings replaced with a higher drop point grease (clay or calcium sulfonate, please make your suggestions). Set them up. Run it for a few minutes then re-dial in the bearings.
Thankyou