If your engine calls a 20wt then use a 0-20. If 30wt use a 0-30, and if 40wt use a 0-40. Very simple...
Well, considering my generation of truck was spec'd for 5w-30 before CAFE, but was backspec'd for 5w-20 after CAFE

It's not that simple. This makes for 2 options instead of just one. But too many people have been

and so I've come to the conclusion that I can use either one (or, why not both?).
The engine designers and lube engineers know more about this stuff than most everyone here...
Ehhh, I'll give it to you on the lube guys, but it seems to me that since CAFE can come in and make the engine designers do a back spec... when in all reality, a change from 5w-30 to 5w-20 is minimal (in regards to the environmental aspect)... It's not really the manufacturer telling you what is best for the engine, it's CAFE telling you the lowest they think the engine can go. I could care less about .0003% more pollution, I want the best protection for my engine.
Then pick one oil and stick with it for 200-300K and judge the results.
Well gee willikers! That kinda talk sure takes the fun out of it, huh? If I was driving a nicer vehicle that I knew I'd have for a long enough time for me to even reach that kinda miles, then maybe I'd settle. But, for what I drive, and for how long it takes me to put on miles... poppycock... I don't really think it'd make much if any difference.