I guess it depends on what devices you are talking about. Jump drives, or flash drives, are just portable storage devices that you can plug into a USB port on any computer. You can store pics, video, documents etc.
Theres many other devices that can use a USB port to connect to a computer. CD-ROM drives, DVD drives, SD card readers, Etc. For just about any given computer device, you can find a version that can be used with a USB port.
They became more popular as devices like laptops got smaller. Chromebooks for example have several USB ports, but no internal hard drive to speak of. You can utilize the USB ports to connect a external hard drive, or any variety of devices that you would like. You can also connect your telephone to a computer via USB cord, and transfer files back and forth from your phone to the computer