You have to take into account the API SX rating.
It wasn't until about SD that they started putting in more detergents and ZDDP. That's when they discovered that ZDDP was an ant-wear as well agent as as an anti-oxidant agent.
Would there have been other Phosphorous compounds in the old oils that would not have been part of ZDDP?
Yes, TCP, or tricresyl-phosphate would have been an AW additive component.
Yes, but, who put TCP in car gas Engine oils? Tell, I'll buy by buckets! Ashless AW are too expensive for car oils. TCP are used in Aircraft Oils, but cars? Never heard of that. The test were of car gas oils, not airplanes, I believe.